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Conjunctions - Learning English Conjunctions

Learning English online with English Conjunction lessons

Conjunctions in English

There two kinds of conjunctions in English: Coordinating conjunctions and Correlative conjunctions

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions connect words or phrases that have the same function in a sentence.

And And joins two or more words, phrases or clauses of similar function and is used to show addition. Examples:
a. Like peas and broad beans, soya beans grow in pods.
b. The plant is ready for harvesting when the leaves turn yellow and drop off, and the pods and stems dry out Note:when "and" joins two subjects, the verb must be plural. c. Tom and Mary are both good students.
But But joins two or more words, phrases, or clauses and is used to show contrast. Examples:
a. He doesn't like red but yellow.
b. My brother loves video games, but I don't like it.
Or Or joins two or more words, phrases, or clauses. It is used to give a choice. Examples:
a. The school uniform can be in white, blue or light blue.
b. You should leave now or you'll be late for the train.
So So joins a clause. It doesn't join single worda or phrases. So is used to show effect. Example:
The price is very cheap, so everyone can have one.

Correlative Conjunctions

Like coordinating conjuctions, these words are used to join words, phrases, and clauses.
Correlative conjunctions or paired conjunctions appear in two parts:

  • either ...... or
  • neither......nor
  • both ........and
  • not only......but also
  • whether ...... or

Each of the pair of the words should be followed by a word of the same grammatical form:

- Either (noun) or (noun)
- Not only (adj) but also (adj)
Either.......or Either........or is used to indicate alternatives.</> Example:

Rice can be used to make either cake or wine. The subject closest to the verb will determine if the verb is singular or plural.
Neither......nor Neither.......nor is used to indicate negative alternatives. Example:
  • Soya is dangerous to neither humans nor animals. The subject closest to the verb will determine if the verb is singular or plural.
    		•
    Both.....and Both ..... and indicates addition. Example:
  • Both children and adults are allowed. Subjects connected with both ..... and take a plural verb.
    		•
    Not only.......but also Not only .... but also emphasizes addition Example:
  • They are not only rich but also very kind and generous. The not only clause must come before the phrase it refers to. The subject closest to the verb will determine if the verb is singular or plural.
    		•
    Whether.......or whether...or indicates a condition. Example:
  • Whether it rains or it snows, we must go to see how they are.

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